In this section, we describe the expression features of PD-L1, FOXP3, CD8 and Ki67, as measured accross all the 297 TMAs with UTUC. For numerical variables, description was carried out using tables with measurements of central tendency and dispersion, histograms, and density plots. For factor variables, description was carried out using frequency tables and barplots.

PD-L1 expression

PD-L1 positivity in tumor cells, %

Summary table
	Values
Mean	5
Standard deviation	16.5
Median	0.1
Interquartile range	1
Mininum	0
Maximum	98

Location of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
Cytoplasmic	67 (42)
Membranous	0 (0)
Cytoplasmic/Membranous	93 (58)

PD-L1 H-score in tumor cells

Summary table
	Values
Mean	7.5
Standard deviation	28.2
Median	0.1
Interquartile range	1
Mininum	0
Maximum	240

PD-L1 positivity in stromal lymphocytes, %

Summary table
	Values
Mean	1.6
Standard deviation	3.9
Median	0.5
Interquartile range	1
Mininum	0
Maximum	30

Location of inflammatory response

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
Adherent to tumor	283 (99.6)
Away from tumor	1 (0.4)

Presence of granulomatous reaction

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
No	282 (99.6)
Yes	1 (0.4)

PD-L1 positivity in granulomas, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	1
Standard deviation	NA
Median	1
Interquartile range	0
Mininum	1
Maximum	1

Host response

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
No inflammatory cells	1 (0.4)
Rare inflammatory cells	162 (56.8)
Lymphoid aggregates	93 (32.6)
Intense inflammation	29 (10.2)

FOXP3 expression

FOXP3 positivity in intratumoral lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	2.1
Standard deviation	3.6
Median	0
Interquartile range	3
Mininum	0
Maximum	28

FOXP3 positivity in stromal lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	10.4
Standard deviation	16.8
Median	4
Interquartile range	14
Mininum	0
Maximum	130

FOXP3 staining intensity in lymphocytes

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
No staining	0 (0)
Weak staining	4 (2)
Moderate staining	45 (24)
Strong staining	142 (74)

FOXP3 positivity in tumor cells, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	1.1
Standard deviation	4.5
Median	0
Interquartile range	0
Mininum	0
Maximum	50

FOXP3 positivity in tumor cells, %

Summary table
	Values
Mean	2.6
Standard deviation	3.1
Median	2
Interquartile range	2.5
Mininum	0
Maximum	15

FOXP3 staining intensity in tumor cells

Summary table
	No. Cases (%)
No staining	0 (0)
Weak staining	36 (95)
Moderate staining	2 (5)
Strong staining	0 (0)

CD8–Ki67 expression

CD8 positivity in intratumoral lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	5.4
Standard deviation	14.3
Median	2
Interquartile range	6
Mininum	0
Maximum	180

Double CD8–Ki67 positivity in intratumoral lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	0.2
Standard deviation	0.8
Median	0
Interquartile range	0
Mininum	0
Maximum	10

CD8 positivity in stromal lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	18
Standard deviation	21.9
Median	10
Interquartile range	22.8
Mininum	0
Maximum	150

Double CD8–Ki67 positivity in stromal lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	0.2
Standard deviation	1
Median	0
Interquartile range	0
Mininum	0
Maximum	15

Ki67 positivity in intratumoral lymphocytes, N

Summary table
	Values
Mean	8.2
Standard deviation	9.4
Median	5
Interquartile range	13.2
Mininum	0
Maximum	50

Markers features